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Behavioural studies on crude Ethanol leaf extract of Cadaba farinosa Forssk. in mice

Authors

Muhammad Awwal Tijjani
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9233-511X
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Mohammed Garba Magaji
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7107-4267
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Abdullahi Hamza Yaro
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
Hamidu Usman
usmanhamidu@unimaid.edu.ng
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Aishatu Muhammad
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2852-4589
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Sani Sa'idu Bello
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8151-1480
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
Chinwe Euphemia Egwu
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-0134
Department of Science and Laboratory Technology, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Nigeria.
Zainab Mohammed Chellube
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.

Cadaba farinosa Forssk. (Capparaceae) is found all over the world, mostly in tropical and subtropical areas. It is used to treat pain, dysentery, rheumatism, cough, and fever, as well as an antidote and in the treatment of neurological disorders. In mice, the median lethal dose (LD50) of Crude Ethanol leaf Extract (CEE) of Cadaba farinosa was found to be 2154.1 mg/kg body weight. The presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins was discovered during a preliminary phytochemical analysis of the dark gummy mass crude extract. The CEE was then put through pharmacological testing on mice. In mice, diazepam-induced sleep, beam walking, and hole-board assays were used to investigate behavioral activities. CEE of Cadaba farinosa had no effect on the onset of sleep in mice when given at the tested doses of diazepam. In contrast, it significantly increased sleep duration at all doses tested (75 mg/kg p 0.001, 150 mg/kg p≤0.05, and 300 mg/kg p≤0.01). The CEE significantly (p≤0.01) increased the number of foot slips in the Beam walking assay at a dose of 150 mg/kg. Similarly, diazepam at 0.25 mg/kg increased the number of foot slips significantly (p≤0.001). The extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg and diazepam increased the time required to complete the task significantly (p≤0.05). At 150 mg/kg (p 0.01) and 300 mg/kg (p≤0.05), the hole-board experiment significantly reduced the number of head dips. In contrast, the standard drug (diazepam) had no discernible effect on the number of head dips. These findings suggest that CEE and Diazepam at the highest dose significantly affected the behaviour of mice in the beam walking assay. Thus, the extract showed no activity on the onset of sleep but significantly prolong duration of sleep at the tested doses. The CEE significantly produced a decrease in the exploratory behavioural pattern, indicative of the fact that CEE possesses sedative property.

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Behavioural studies on crude Ethanol leaf extract of Cadaba farinosa Forssk. in mice. (2022). Infectious Diseases and Herbal Medicine, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/idhm.2022.222

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